MADRID – From January 2026, owners of electric scooters and other personal mobility vehicles (PMVs) must take out liability insurance, following a law passed in Congress. A national register of owners will also be created by the DGT. The reform aims to address the legal vacuum that left accident victims unprotected when scooter riders were at fault and unable to pay damages. PMVs are defined as single-seater electric vehicles under 25 kg with top speeds of 6–25 km/h, though many are illegally modified to exceed 60 km/h.